Accounting for Free Agency’s Largest Gainers and Losers

When free agent Matt Chapman signed with the Giants this previous weekend, most of my evaluation centered upon the ups and downs of his 2023 season and the character of his contract, which seems comparatively crew pleasant. One factor I underplayed within the evaluation was the extent to which San Francisco’s winter stands out relative to the competitors. Even earlier than the addition of Chapman, the Giants had spent extra money on free brokers than some other crew moreover the Dodgers, and likewise venture to obtain extra WAR from these additions than any crew moreover their longtime rivals.

Based on the information in our Free Agent Tracker, the Giants have now dedicated $261.25 million in assured salaries: $113 million to middle fielder Jung Hoo Lee, $44 million to righty Jordan Hicks, $42 million to DH/outfielder Jorge Soler, and $8.25 million to catcher Tom Murphy; this accounting doesn’t embody the key league salaries that shortstop Nick Ahmed or lefty reliever Amir Garrett will get in the event that they make the large league roster; final month, they every signed minor league offers as non-roster invitees. San Francisco’s additions might not be as eye-catching as signing both Carlos Correa or Aaron Judge would have been final offseason, and the crew nonetheless tasks for a middle-of-the-pack 82 wins after going 79-83 final 12 months, however the Giants might not be completed spending a few of the cash that was burning a gap of their pockets. They stay in Blake Snell, particularly within the wake of accidents inside their rotation.

Of course, the Dodgers blow the sphere away relating to spending, even when we follow the adjusted salaries as soon as deferred cash is factored in, with a complete of $853.2 million: $437.83 million to Shohei Ohtani (down from a sticker worth of $700 million), $325 million to Yoshinobu Yamamoto, $20.434 million to outfielder Teoscar Hernández (down from $25 million), $10 million to Clayton Kershaw (with incentives that may improve the worth considerably for each 2024 and ’25), $9 million apiece to Ryan Brasier and Jason Heyward, $8 million to Joe Kelly, $7 million to James Paxton, and $4 million to Enrique Hernández.

Here’s a take a look at the 30 groups’ free agent spending. Note that, as above, these figures issue within the relevant deferrals however not incentives, escalator clauses, or split-contract salaries from minor league offers:

As you possibly can see, 5 groups dedicated lower than $10 million every this winter, and of the underside seven groups, 4 (the Orioles, Rays, Twins, and Marlins) made the playoffs final 12 months. Free company isn’t the one route to enhance a crew, however notably with reference to the Orioles, one can empathize with followers who’re disillusioned that final 12 months’s success hasn’t translated right into a procuring spree to enhance their odds of getting again to the postseason.

The 30 groups have dedicated a complete of $2.74 billion to free brokers to date, and although that determine will improve as soon as Snell and Jordan Montgomery signal, total spending will nonetheless be decrease this offseason than in current ones. Based on the information at RosterResource, groups spent $4 billion final offseason ($2.22 billion on the highest 12 free brokers alone) and $3.22 billion within the lockout-interrupted offseason of 2021–22. For this winter, spending works out to a mean of $91.38 million per crew, however that determine is skewed by the highest groups to such an extent that the median is simply $49.25 million; solely 9 groups exceeded the imply.

Beyond the {dollars}, I assumed it will be value revisiting some free agent accounting we’ve completed previously, concerning WAR added and misplaced in free company. This isn’t fairly as easy because it sounds, as we’ll quickly see.

This is probably the most fundamental accounting, lumping collectively gamers signed to main league offers and those that needed to accept minor league ones; the latter inflates the counts of a few of these groups properly into double digits. It’s value noting that the place gamers hung out with a number of groups in 2023, I’ve solely counted their WAR with their final crew on the outgoing aspect, however their full-season WAR on the incoming aspect. Consider the case of Jeimer Candelario, who produced 3.1 WAR for the Nationals after which 0.2 WAR for the Cubs. To these eyes, crediting the Reds as including a 3.3-WAR participant correctly conveys the impression of a considerable addition. The query is whether or not to depend the Cubs as dropping 3.3 WAR (by way of a participant they acquired with out desiring to retain) or 0.2 WAR (reflecting the transient nature of a late-season addition). I went with the latter choice.

The whole variety of outgoing free brokers proven above (277) doesn’t embody 11 extra gamers from the KBO and NPB, eight of whom have signed (all however Trevor Bauer, Adam Plutko, and Yasiel Puig), that means that from amongst that whole, 73 — about 25% — are unsigned. Most of the unsigned are pretty low impression gamers, in that simply 13 produced no less than 1.0 WAR final 12 months, with Montgomery (4.3), Snell (4.1), Brandon Belt (2.3), Mike Clevinger (2.2) and J.D. Martinez (2.2) the one ones above 2.0. Meanwhile, 35 of them produced zero or unfavourable WAR, although to be honest, that was usually in restricted alternative.

While the eight international gamers who’ve signed are counted within the whole variety of signed free brokers above, they didn’t produce any WAR inside MLB. Thus, the truth that three groups outrank the Dodgers by way of web free agent WAR comes with the caveat that the Los Angeles whole doesn’t embody Yamamoto.

I’ll come again to that concern, however first let’s notice the groups on the extremes. Ahead of the Dodgers are three groups who had a bunch of gamers hit the open market, however who have been at finest minimally productive in 2023, and who all went out and made no less than a number of strong strikes. Of the dozen Reds to check free company, together with the still-unsigned Joey Votto, solely Harrison Bader produced even 1.0 WAR in 2023, and he nonetheless was 0.2 wins beneath alternative after being acquired from the Yankees. On the opposite aspect, along with Candelario, the crew shored up its pitching by including starters Nick Martinez and Frankie Montas, relievers Brent Suter and Emilio Pagán, and extra — not large strikes, however sufficient to place them on the high. The Cardinals shed 5 gamers, most notably Dakota Hudson, and overhauled their rotation by including Sonny Gray, whose 5.3 WAR as a Twin tied Kevin Gausman for the AL lead, in addition to Kyle Gibson and Lance Lynn; additionally they added Keynan Middleton to the bullpen and staffed their bench with Brandon Crawford and Matt Carpenter. Of the eight Royals who grew to become free brokers, solely Zack Greinke produced 1.0 WAR, however they beefed up their pitching, with starters Seth Lugo and Michael Wacha; their lineup, with Hunter Renfroe; and their bench, with Adam Frazier and Garrett Hampson to their bench. These strikes received’t win them the division, however they’re no less than proof of life.

The Dodgers’ figures on each side of the ledger are inflated by their conserving Brasier, Enrique Hernández, Heyward, Kelly, and Kershaw, however they did shed the still-unsigned J.D. Martinez and Julio Urías, changing them with the market’s two most costly gamers. The Diamondbacks re-signed Lourdes Gurriel Jr. and didn’t lose anyone who produced no less than 1.0 WAR for the crew, whereas the one departing Giant to fulfill that threshold was Sean Manaea.

At the opposite finish of the spectrum, it’s putting that the underside 5 groups embody three AL postseason individuals plus one NL crew that hardly missed it. Whether they received all of it or fell quick, their offseasons have resulted in some downsizing of payrolls and maybe expectations.

In the wake of final 12 months’s $255 million flop, the uncertainty concerning their native broadcast deal, and the loss of life of chairman Peter Seidler, the Padres gutted their pitching employees, with Snell, Lugo, Martinez, Wacha, and nearer Josh Hader amongst these departing, together with catcher Gary Sánchez, whom they plucked off the scrapheap and who had his finest season since 2019. Most of the cash they’ve spent this offseason was on their bullpen, with Wandy Peralta, Japanese lefty Yuki Matsui and Korean righty Woo-Suk Go becoming a member of the fold. The Twins shed Gray, Kenta Maeda, and Tyler Mahle from their rotation, and each Donovan Solano and Michael A. Taylor stay unsigned however unlikely to return; in the meantime their most impactful addition is first baseman Carlos Santana. The Blue Jays let Chapman depart, together with Belt, Hicks and Whit Merrifield; they cobbled collectively a lower-cost third base resolution, which incorporates the incoming Justin Turner and Isiah Kiner-Falefa, retained middle fielderKevin Kiermaier, and took a flier on Cuban righty Yariel Rodriguez, who spent three seasons in NPB. The Rangers should re-sign Montgomery, however for now he counts solely on the outbound aspect, they usually additionally shed relievers Aroldis Chapman, Chris Stratton, and Will Smith, plus catcher/DH Mitch Garver. Their rotation is stuffed with query marks as they financial institution on Jacob deGrom, Max Scherzer, and Mahle having robust returns from surgical procedure. Veteran righty David Robertson ought to bolster the bullpen, and Garver’s departure is mitigated by the eventual arrival of high prospect Wyatt Langford.

Since the impression of the international free brokers isn’t mirrored within the desk above, I took yet one more take a look at the panorama utilizing projected WAR on the incoming aspect. Instead of taking it straight from our Free Agent Tracker — that makes use of Steamer, which is out there in time for the opening bell of the offseason, however not ZiPS, which takes longer to organize — I took the extra labor-intensive route by swapping in our Depth Charts projections, which takes a mean the 2 methods:

Despite accounting for Yamamoto, the Dodgers truly fall within the rankings on account of recognized accidents (Ohtani received’t pitch in 2024, whereas Kershaw could possibly be out till August) and regression (Brasier and Heyward, notably), whereas the Giants surpass them with the addition of Lee. Also notable on the higher finish are the Mets, primarily on account of anticipated rebounds from Manaea, Bader, and Luis Severino. On the opposite aspect, the Orioles stand out greater than within the earlier desk, primarily as a result of the one free agent they signed to a serious league deal, Craig Kimbrel, is projected to regress. Given that each Kyle Bradish and John Means have been sidelined with elbow accidents to begin the season, it appears doable the O’s may add a low-cost starter who may enhance their standing right here a bit.

Thanks to our instruments at FanGraphs, free company is simple to trace, even when I’ve made it extra labor-intensive for this train. It’s hardly the one route by which groups enhance, nevertheless. For instance, the Orioles traded for Corbin Burnes, who might outproduce any of the starters who have been signed. But within the large image, the patterns I’ve illustrated provide us loads of hints about what to anticipate from the upcoming season.